The following item consists of two Statements I and II. Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer using the code given below.
- ABoth the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
- BBoth the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
- CStatement I is true but Statement II is false
- DStatement I is false but Statement II is true
Explanation
India's share of world manufacturing output fell from roughly 19.7 percent in 1800 to 8.6 percent in 1860 and under 2 percent by 1900, remaining depressed through the 20th century, so Statement I is true. Indian industrial production did expand in absolute terms under colonial rule as modern industry grew from the 1850s, so there was no absolute decline in production and Statement II is also true. However, Statement II does not explain Statement I: the falling world share was driven by Britain's much faster industrialization, which is compatible with absolute growth in India. Both statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I.