Describe the major outcomes of the 28th session of the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). What were the major engagements in this conference?

The 28th session of the COP to UNFCCC was held at Dubai, UAE after Sharm-el-Sheikh hosted the 27th. Major outcomes of COP28: (1) Realization of loss and damage fund: - Consensus on activation of Santiago Network as secretariat under WB - To address demand of developing world for compensation of historical emissions by developed world (2) Global stocktake of Paris Agreement: - None stringent targets declared by India to target Net Zero by 2070 - Limits to hasten phase down & phase out coal

A Phase down & net phase out of coal B Loss & damage fund (2) Phase 2 & Lead IT: - collaboration of India and Sweden - To help industries transition to Green manufacturing (4) Green Credit Initiative: - To mobilise funds through green & blue bonds However there remain certain challenges vide non-realisation of $100B commitment under mitigation plan announced in Paris 2015. India's strong advocacy complemented with on ground action under vision of Panch Amrit will play a key role in achievement of Paris.