While MSMEs are the backbone of the Indian economy, they encounter various hurdles in their operation and expansion. Discuss. Also, suggest steps to support the growth of the MSMEs.

iv Infrastructure challenge - 25% eg transshipped = adds $200 freight v Vulnerable to global shocks like covid and US-China trade war Steps to support their growth: i Threshold based incentives to promote growth (Economic survey 2024) ii Ensure Skilling centres every 10-12 villages and every SFC (shared hostel) iii Handheld in export facilitation (JK digital summit) iv Make available labs and testing infra at PSUs to MSMEs ( UK since committee) Above recommendations will enable rise of indias own middlewead. (Economic survey 2024)