Maritime security challenges are complex, driven by both conventional and non-conventional threats. In this context, discuss the key maritime security challenges in India. Also, highlight the measures taken by the government in this regard.

Conventional threats: (1) State actors. Pakistan - Strait of Greek Issue. (2) China - String of pearls/delineation. Non-conventional threats: (1) Piracy - flourishing in the Red Sea area. Diving Israel - blackfins way. M.U.Cheru pluto piracy case.

To counter this, various measures have been taken: (1) Maritime Security Vision - QUAD security alliance. IOR-ARC dialogue. Colombo security conclave. Participation for Comprehensive maritime security effect. (2) Project MAJUSHAN and SAGAR doctrine. Security and growth for all in the region. (3) Net security provider. IC Transform pot and defence establishment of POP Btao Andamans - theatre command. (4) Restructuring of Navy. Indigenous Airrcraft carriers - INS Vikramaditya coast Guard overhaul. (5) Defence capabilities. Submarines P/C class (INS Vela, Vagahree). There fort, maritime security remain at the forefront of national security of the country.