Mangroves contribute significantly to the coastal economy and ecology, but they are threatened by numerous factors. Elaborate. Also, state the measures taken by the government for mangrove conservation and restoration.

Mangroves act as 4x more efficient carbon sink than forests alone. /IPCC Contribution of Mangrove: (1) Coastal Economy a Providing livelihoods through better products b Improved coastal protection thereby improving coastal economy c Mangroves acting as buffer against cyclones. i Mangrove hotspot of India source the fastest of disasters on the coastal economy (2) Odisha port - cyclone protection through Mangrove navigation