Question Q.16GS3GS3
What do you understand by heat waves? Highlight the reasons and impact of the rising frequency of heat waves across India. Also, recommend some measures to mitigate its impact.
Main Body
Heat waves are defined as, in plains, temperature crossing 40°C and greater than 45°C in 45°C increase then normal. Heatwave hitting the wave is considered severe heatwave. Heat waves in: Plains 3: Temperature > 45°C (irrespective of normal) Hills 3: Temperature > 30°C and 4-5°C than normal rest 3: Temperature > 48°C Temperature > 39°C and 40°C [add overall] east. Reasons of rising frequency of heat waves 3: 1) Climate change and global warming 3Erratic monsoons (2023 monsoons)
Increasing temperatures (1.2°C pre-industrial level)Last decade had 5 warmest years in last centuryIncreasing El-Nino and La-Nina impacts 2) AnthropogenicUrban Heat Island effectEmission of GHG and water discharge into lakesHigh absorbing materials in construction asphalt 3) Natural 3:Jet stream supported anticyclone circulation (Hawaiian wild stress 2023)Dry winds (like chinook) Impact 3: 1) Decreasing productivity at labour (Poor demographic dividend2-3/, GDP loss of India 2) Mortality of sole bread owners in poor families (20,000 in past 30 yrs)
3Need for cooling → Machines like AC, Heat & air, Health duty revenue 4) Decrease of tourism and health tourism revenue 5) Increasing wildfires and forest fires 3) More GHG emissions 3 6) Decrease in agricultural productivity drought (Uptake in urban heat, cooling authorities, ELS and early ending, National cooling 3 NCS → Measures taken, PHC & CHC support, Public + health volunteers, NDMA 2005 → SDMA support Bikini Feb 2021 is hottest February in last 100 years and therefore, dealing with heat waves becomes part of adaptation to climate change
264 words1 paragraphs
Conclusion
Feb 2021 is hottest February in last 100 years and therefore, dealing with heat waves becomes part of adaptation to climate change
22 words
Diagram
Diagram showing National Cooling Solution (NCS) framework with measures, PHC/CHC support, NDMA structure
Answer continues on next page
Topper
ATLA-THARUN-TEJA
AIR 1232025
Subject & Paper
GS3GS3
Topic
Biodiversity and Environment
Climate Change
Heat waves and temperature extremes
Writing Stats
286
Total words
1
Paragraphs
technical
Tone