The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is necessary for maintaining peace and stability in the 'disturbed areas'. Critically examine.

Arguments in support of AFSPA: (1) Necessary for tackling insurgency and terrorism. (2) Removal will lead to demoralising effect on army. (3) Insurgents can exploit locals to file cases against forces without legal safety. (4) Necessary to maintain law and order in hostile areas. (5) Curbs exploitation of locals by insurgents against the state. (6) Hinders propagandising of locals.

Arguments against AFSPA: (1) Ambiguous definition of 'disturbed areas'. - Lack of legal objection. (2) Rise in abuse of power by forces. - Commission of offences like sexual offences, fake encounters, etc. (3) Rise in terror activities after AFSPA. - Counter-productive result. (4) Breed ill-will among locals about forces. - Armed forces looked upon as oppressive. - No difference between police and army.