Question 6GS3GS3

Soil formation and its study is known as pedology. Soil formation takes millions of years via process of erosion and deposition.

Main Body

Soil and its horizons: Topsoil layer (O-layer/hummus) A-layer Zone of eluviation B-layer C-layer (parent rock) Factors influencing formation of soil: (1) Geographical factors - Temperature and pressure conditions. Warm and humid climate enhance rate of rock weathering. (2) Type of rock structure - Highly erodible rocks give rise to faster soil formation.

3Physical agents like running water, wind and sunlight aid in soil formation. (4) Physical processes a Hydration, oxidation, carbonation, hydrolysis etc. (5) Biological processes a by animals and plants - burrow making by rabbit. (6) Granular or block disintegration determines soil particle size. India has 8 major types of soil systems distributed in accordance with geographical factors.

Distribution of major soil types in India: The soils are formed in accordance with temperature and rainfall pattern of the region, and support various activities. Soil is an important component of natural resources. UNCED has been taking steps like REDD+, Box 2-o target to prevent degradation of land & soil.

160 words1 paragraphs

Diagram

Diagram showing soil profile with O-layer (hummus), A-layer (zone of illuviation), B-layer with circles representing minerals, C-layer (parent rock), and soil and its horizons breakdown

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Page 15

Topper

Ananya Rana

AIR 602025

Subject & Paper

GS3GS3

Topic

Land Resources

Soil

Writing Stats

160

Total words

Paragraphs