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ADITYA VIKRAM AGARWALAIR 9· 2024

Question Q.11GS3GS3

Coral reefs are considered to be at the epicentre of marine ecology; however, their existence is threatened due to a plethora of anthropogenic and natural causes. Comment.

Open scan (p.21)

Introduction

Coral seeds are formed by the symbiotic relations hip of polyps and zooxanthellae. They are termed as the 'rainforest of the oceans'.

22 words

Main Body

They are considered to be at the epicentre of marine ecology due to the following: (1) Supports large number of marine species – as habitat. ii Major producer of nutrients for the marine species. iii Acts as indicator of ocean health. iv Protects and prevents species from hazards. However, they have been threatened by plethora of causes.

Natural causes: - Diseases such as cyclones and earthquakes Anthropogenic causes: i Global warming due to increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. [Greenhouse gases][Absorbed by oceans][Formation of carbonic acid in the ocean] [Coral bleaching] ← [Dissolving of calcium carbonate shell] Global warming also alters the homeostasis of the corals. ii Overfishing and bottom trawling damaging the corals. iii Pollution of oceans – plastic dumping,

oil spills and surface run-off damaging the corals. iv Use of coral reefs to manufacture limestone. Measures to prevent the damages and restore health: i Fulfilling the NDC targets, reducing emissions and moving towards net-zero ii Use of technology to restore corals Eg Biorock technology. iii Preservation of coral reefs by declaring them protected. Coral reefs from important part of marine ecology and must be protected from the devastating effects.

197 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Coral reefs from important part of marine ecology and must be protected from the devastating effects.

16 words

Diagram

Flowchart showing the process: Greenhouse gases → Absorbed by oceans → Formation of carbonic acid in the ocean, with a separate arrow showing Coral bleaching ← Dissolving of calcium carbonate shell

Topper

ADITYA VIKRAM AGARWAL

AIR 92024

Subject & Paper

GS3GS3

Topic

Biodiversity and Environment

Coastal Ecosystem

Coral reefs and marine ecology

Writing Stats

235

Total words

1

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone