Waste circularity is emerging as a sustainable solution to India's mounting solid waste crisis. Discuss the key principles of waste circularity and the government's initiative in this regard. How effective have these measures been in fostering a circular economy? (Answer in 250 words)

India produces large amount of solid waste with only about 30% waste management coming from formal sector. Legacy waste, low processing facilities, adding municipal waste, household waste are causes of India's mounting solid waste crisis. Key principles of waste circularity: (1) Lifecycle approach employed where monitoring is carried out from raw material till disposal

Key principles of waste circularity continued: (2) Recycling of material to reduce consumption (3) Reducing consumption by re-using (4) Responsible production and consumption (5) LIFE mission (6) Promoting sustainable disposal with net zero impact on environment Government initiatives in this regard: (1) Clearing of legacy wastes by setting up waste to wealth plant (2) Clear deadlines to clear landfills (3) Delhi's Bhalsawa, Okhla and Gazipur landfills (4) Mission Lifestyle for environment to promote ethical and responsible living (5) Solid Waste Management Rules to put responsibility on EPR Eyes: (1) Improved awareness about segregation of waste at home (2) Formalisation of some informal waste management chain (3) Promotion of responsible living Challenges: (1) Legacy waste still is surmountable (2) Mumbai fires on garbage dumps (3) Low efficiency to waste to wealth plants Circular Economy is not just a legal obligation rather an imperative to lead a sustainable and productive life.