While examining the shortcomings of the land reforms in the past, elaborate what land reforms 2.0 should look like.

Land reform: - Land candidacy abolition - Tenancy reforms - Land ceiling reforms Shortcoming of land reforms in past: - Zamindary Abolition: 1) Misuse by transfer of various land-holding to relatives. 2) Tenancy reforms: 3) Regional variance with only few successes like Kerala eg) Bihar reluctant 4) Limited to Punjab, Noraayang region 5) Only Zamens land consolidated, as people reluctance to share fertile land Land ceiling: 6) High ceiling in states like UP, unlimited redistribution 7) Poor land record, enforcement not implement 8) Exemption for personal cultivation, plantation misuse. Other reform - Bhoodan, Gamdas fall due to failure of political will in some states

Land consolidation: 4) Limited to Punjab, Noraayang region 5) Only Zamens land consolidated, as people reluctance to share fertile land Land ceiling: 6) High ceiling in states like UP, unlimited redistribution 7) Poor land record, enforcement not implement 8) Exemption for personal cultivation, plantation misuse. Other reform - Bhoodan, Gamdas Fall due to failure of political will in some states Land reform 2.0: 1) Conclusive land titling: from presumptive titling to reduce dispute 2) Land record digitalization for easy transfer, credit access eg) Project Bhomi Karnataka 3) Tenancy reforms: to allow rusian land owner to tenant flexibility eg) model Tenancy Act (NIT2 major) 4) Land pooling and consolidation: afor ensuring economics of scale eg) OLP2N Jdi 5) Land 2.0 for each parcel eg) OLP2N Jdi 6) Land Bank: for ease acquisition industrial development (Morigraft Model) 7) Land transfer: mechanism desregulatla digitalize, style window transfer Benefit of Land reform 2.0: 1) Property tax for local body land reform 2) Land dispute reduce 3) Farmer credit access 4) Better planning for government

Tenancy reforms: to allow rusian land owner to tenant flexibility eg) model Tenancy Act (NIT2 major) 4) Land pooling and consolidation: afor ensuring economics of scale eg) OLP2N Jdi 5) Land 2.0 for each parcel eg) OLP2N Jdi 6) Land Bank: for ease acquisition industrial development (Morigraft Model) 7) Land transfer: mechanism desregulatla digitalize, style window transfer Benefit of Land reform 2.0: 1) Property tax for local body land reform 2) Land dispute reduce 3) Farmer credit access 4) Better planning for government Thus, [PM Swamiji] is right step for land reforms