Question Q.3DiscussGS1GS2

Discuss the various types of sedimentary rocks and their formation processes. What is the economic significance of sedimentary rocks?

Main Body

Sedimentary rocks are the result of the erosion, weathering, compaction and lithification of sediments, under great pressure and temperature changes. Igneous/sedimentary rocks => sediments => rock formation => sedimentary rocks Types of sedimentary rocks (1) Arenaceous rocks => composed of compaction under high heat and pressure conditions, leading to hard rock formation, not easily impacted by the gradational forces. Eg: Sandstone. (2) Argillaceous => fossilised stratigraphic layers, with alternating bands of pumicable and porous rock. Eg: Clay and chalk.

3Calcareous rocks => comprised of calcium carbonate. Eg: Limestone. Formation of sedimentary rocks (1) Igneous/metamorphic rocks undergo erosion and weathering to produce sediments. (2) The deposition of sediments over billions of years produces compact stratigraphic layers, which undergo lithification to produce sedimentary rocks. Economic significance (1) Building stones. Eg: Arawalis provide red sandstone, cream sandstone etc. for various monuments. (2) Fossiled rocks => presence of coal, oil, gas etc in sedimentary rock. (3) Rich in basis => extremely fertile soil. Eg: terra rosa. (4) Mineralised ores tone due to supergene enrichment. Therefore, sedimentary rocks are rigorous of geological & economic significance.

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Conclusion

Therefore, sedimentary rocks are rigorous of geological & economic significance.

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RITIKA

Subject & Paper

GS1GS2

Topic

Geography

Geomorphology

Sedimentary Rocks

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191

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