Question Q.12GS2GS2
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are pivotal to inclusive and efficient urban governance, yet they remain fiscally constrained and nationally weak. Analyze.
Main Body
ULBs Urban Local Bodies were made justiciable under the 74th amendment act 1992. ULBs constitute elected bodies such as Municipalities, municipal corporations etc. ULBs: pivotal to inclusion and efficient governance. (1) Decentralized developmental approach by principle of subsidiarity (73rd ARC). (2) High public participation through election at grassroots. eg: Ward mano- (3) Local development planning eg: District development committee. Yet there are constraints: 1: Fiscally constrained: (1) Own revenue sources merely 59% of local revenue. (2) ULA revenue is just 0.42% of UDT. (BRICS countries6-8%). (3) Devolution dependency on states and Centre. (4) Nature of funds is tied and conditionalimpair functional autonomy. eg: 40% funds under (15th Finance Commission) need tied. II: Institutionally weak: Last Study: Indian municipal corporationhold ₹260 lakh (each municipality) bonds for development. (2) Most important functions are not devolved. eg: Planning for local area. (3) Parallel bodies so parallel bodieseg: town health bee groups in UP. (4) Functions centralization (NIH Aarog agus)eg: Bihar govt. legislationtake over.
5Gender governance as a sham. eg: Panchayat participated mistreat of people → women as stooge is heads. (6) Bureaucratic control and complexity. eg: Mayor is municipal commission intrudles. This calls for 6 following measures: → Devolution of united funds. → Allocate sources of income promotion → municipal bonds. → Move to compulsory functions (3rd ARC). → 16% income-right to ULBs Svaramakrishnacommitte. ULBs are the face of democratic governance and the need to 'parasdaya' is true sense.
249 words1 paragraphs
Topper
SURAMYA SHARMA
AIR 3592025
Subject & Paper
GS2GS2
Topic
Federal Structure - Functions, Responsibilities, Devolution of Powers and Finances
Local Self Government
Urban Local Bodies - Structure and Fiscal Constraints
Writing Stats
249
Total words
1
Paragraphs
analytical
Tone