India's economic growth story is often overshadowed by the persistent challenges of unemployment. Analyze the concept of structural unemployment and discuss its relevance in the context of India's current economic situation. Suggest policy measures to promote inclusive job growth.

As per economic survey 2023-24, India's GDP grew over 7.1% amidst global uncertainties. However, youth unemployment rate in India is around 30%, overshadowing demographic dividend manifestum. [Persistent challenge of unemployment] ①Unemployment rate in India - 8% CMIE ②45% employed in agricultural activities contributing only 10% to GDP. ③Manufacturing sector bypass – only 24% workforce with 22% GDP contribution. [Main issue is structural unemployment]

[Concept of structural unemployment] It refers to unemployment due to still mismatch and/or demand supply issues. ①Disguised unemployment – marginal productivity zero. ②Frictional unemployment – switching between jobs. ③Cyclical unemployment - due to business cycle [growth] ④Still mismatch— ⊢Vocational education lower levels (only 5%). ⊢employability is <45%. [Relevance in context of India's current economic situation— ①Harnessing demographic dividend⊢India's demographic divided phase till 2050. ②Providing workforce to world.③serve sector – Indians leading

> 30 billion dollar economy dream by 2047 (Budget 2024-25) 4) Manufacturing sector growth and enhanced contribution to GDP. [Policy measures] ①Skill India mission – skilling & upskilling. ②Stand up India & Start-up India schemes. ③PM MUDRA Yojana and credit support. ④UDAN scheme & STEM courses for women. ⑤Production linked Incentives & Atmanirbhar Bharat. [Way ahead] ①Surplus labor should be absorbed in labor intensive sectors like – food processing textile etc. ②Vocational education & skill mapping (NEP 2020). [Inclusive job growth will help harness demographic dividend & aim of 30 billion economy]