Bring out the differences between 'coming together federations' and 'holding together federations' with examples. (Answer in 200 words)

Article 1 of Constitution defines India to be an Union of States. There are generally two types of federations: i Coming together federation; ii Holding together federation. A 'Coming together federation' - In this type of federation many state come together to form an Union. - The states exist as a free independent entity and have an identity of their own. - States have right to exceed from the Union. This, also called 'destructible Union of indestructible states'. B 'Holding together federation' - A union divides itself into various small states - States have no individual identity of their own - States have no right to succeed from union - Power is shifted towards the union, and union can override state decision in many cases - Single citizenship, Unified Judicial, Single constitution and a powerful Union.

Unusually, state and the union it have equal power with the balance more in favour of states. - Features like different constitution, dual multiple citizenship etc are visible. B 'Holding together federation' - A union divides itself into various small states - States have no individual identity of their own - States have no right to succeed from union - Power is shifted towards the union, and union can override state decision in many cases - Single citizenship, Unified Judicial, Single constitution and a powerful Union. United States of America, where 50 states come together to form an union can be termed as an example of 'Coming together federation'. In USA, states have their different constitution, different Supreme Court for each state and unusual power with states making it a perfect example of federation. While India and Canada, where the union got divided into various state is example of 'Holding together federation'. In India, states have we have a unified Judiciary, single constitution and a powerful Union. Successionist tendencies, historical context and divisive forces required India to be a 'holding together federation' with a powerful Union.