There are similarities and interactions between the affirmative action adopted by India and USA owing to similar historical injustices faced by their respective groups. Discuss.

Affirmative action receives to special initiatives towards vulnerable sections. It is a concept of 'welfare state' (Art 38, Preamble) India and USA both showcase these actions. B) Reservation policy of India (Art 15) Similarity & interaction in affirmative action of India & USA is due to — (1) similar historical injustice — affirmative actions work to uplist a section that suffered historical injustice [B] Kabite in India & blacks in USA —> It is based on concept that without state's help, these sections would not be able to come out face with vast population.

B) Inequality propagates due to lack on of wealth which cumulates as de sist lack. (2) similar ideologies and ideals of constitution — i USA, the oldest & India, the largest democracy —> (ideals of universalim of liberty freedom & equality) ii freedom is freedom from base necessities or increased to choices for which affirmative action. (3) Provision of fundamental human rights in India & USA —> USA's Bill of rights inspired Indian Part III of constitution human rights talk of depleied life that due to historic injustice & contributibility of 'slavery' was denied to certain

groups. Thus similar affirmative action of social security & job at dignified place/caste is provided. B) India formed manual scavenging by act, 2013 as 90% were from SC. however, there are differences in articulation of India & USA — —> Per capita income of India is $2400 & of USA is $ 70,000. The standard of living is better off in USA. —> (India's farm there is on not only vulnerable, pamp history injustice but also poor from any section. Schemes as —reservation for transgenders (Karmata-ka) or MNREGA, PM-KISAN