Interstate border disputes, if not promptly and impartially settled, can transform into persistent issues that jeopardize national security and generate friction. Highlight the contentious issues in inter-state disputes. Explain why independent India has failed to resolve inter-state border disputes.

INTER-STATE border disputes are threat to INDIAN cooperative FEDERALISM. ex: Belgium inciden by Karnataka-Maharashtra. Haryana-Himachal Pradesh, UP-MP-Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Assam with Meghalaya-Arunachal, Mizoram, Odisha-Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura, Kasmir-Himachal Pradesh, Kerala - TN on border disputes. Fig: Various Border CONFLICTS • UNSETTLED border became POLITICIZATION of DISPUTES ex: Belgium in Karnataka. • IMPEDE development - ex: impact on border districts of Assam WEST garofuls.