Neo-liberal reforms and globalization have deeply transformed the institutions of the welfare state and set the ground for a new type of civil services. In this context examine the challenges faced in service delivery and suggest adequate reforms. (Answer in 250 words) 15 marks.

Neo-liberal reforms like privatization, liberalization and globalization have created a new set of challenges for civil servants. Increasing demands for better service delivery like regular power supply and water supply. However, civil servants have a limited budget. Challenges Faced: - Ethnic clashes (in Manipur) - Social media, helping to spread hate speech and incite communal riots, e.g., Nuh violence - Increasing demand for transparency - Neo and emerging technologies like AI, dark web have increased the crime rate

In the wake of the complexities of the modern world, following reforms are suggested: Make civil servant tech-savvy and efficient in using new technologies. Reforms: - Monitoring of public conduct on social media - Introduce lateral entry (domain experts) - Bureaucrats need to get better at grievance redressal - Faceless assessment - DBT for scheme implementation to plug leakages - To avoid Manipur-like situation in future. These changes can be brought through appropriate capacity building through Mission Karmayogi which can help to enhance the competency of future civil servants.