Examine the role of Inter state Council in promoting vertical (centre-state) & horizontal (inter-state) integration.

Vertical (Centre-State) Integration (1) Compulsory to Article 13J: ISC under Article 263 performs roles Complementary to Supreme Court under Article 131 by resolving disputes related to question of law. for eg: Issue of deployment of armed forces in states. (2) Policy making: Both use ISC as a platform to develop common understanding for a policy, for eg: Governing of law and order, Health, Education etc (3) Mutual delegation: Both discuss what functions of centre & state should be delegation to each other without conflict, for eg: Essential Commodities act's implementation mechanism and division of responsibility. Horizontal (Inter-State) Integration (1) Resolving Inter state River water dispute: Rivers passing through multiple states create problems of sharing of water, for eg: Kaveri water dispute between Tamilnadu and kerala. (2) Solving border disputes: Solving bodies dispute in ISC without going to court, eg: Assam & meghalaya. (3) Inter state trade & Commerce: States along with Centre discuss what customs duties, taxes can be imposed on good travelling inter-state. Inter state Council plays effective role in vertical and horizontal cooperation and to make it more effective recently ISC was reconstituted (by adding 2 permanent invitees) for emerging needs.