As the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) provides a judicial mechanism for the peaceful resolution of international disputes. In this context, throw light on the structure and mandate of ICJ. Also, highlight the challenges it faces in fulfilling its mandate.

Additional content on ICJ challenges: 3) Refer to International Laws and conventions to adjudicate matters @ UNCLOS 4) Take up case of Crimes against Humanity, Genocide, Border disputes etc. However, ICJ faces many challenges: 1) Non-availability of mechanism to enforce its rulings 2) Own State could be made a party to delayed justice delivery 3) No definition of what constitutes international laws 5) Inability to take up action on non-compliance 6) ICJ ruling against Myanmar military Junta for crime against Rohingyas Reform exercise structure ICJ to better operational: - Better codification of Laws - Intl Criminal court should be made part of UN organ Therefore, ICJ reforms should be a part of wider UN system reforms in line with India's advocacy for NORMS approach to achieve a RULE BASED GLOBAL ORDER