SC

SAPNA CHANDELAIR 356· 2025

Question Q.19 (continued)GS2GS2

What circumstances led to the formation of the National Green Tribunal? Evaluate if it has met its avowed objectives in more than a decade of its existence.

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Main Body

Underpinnings of the NGT over a decade: (1) Entertained cases of valuation Civil under S. Water Act, Arnat, Environment Protection Act. (2) Order to CPCB on action on clarification. (3) For Strictly Prescribed Fines / Penalties on violations statute paragraph. (4) Direction to NGT filing on polluting gamma ball. (5) Enforced, i.e., many power to super environmental law. Upheid by SC in AuKiTA Kitta Case (2024) (6) It has upheld principle of Absolute Liability on violations => equitable justice.

79 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Limitations in working: (1) Laws under Wildlife Protection Act & Forest Rights unable it ambit. (2) Judicial overreach alleged indicating with issues. (3) Lack of unmanpower & studying has, also limited its working => reduce accessibility. (4) Decisions challenged in the SC => judicial burden. Solution: Intercage the laws, ambit like forest rights. Increase capacity building+ inflow of regional tribunal officers. NGT is green guardian & true justice like, delivered, when empowered.

72 words

This is a continuation from previous page

Topper

SAPNA CHANDEL

AIR 3562025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Separation of Powers and Dispute Redressal Mechanisms

Dispute Redressal Mechanisms

Tribunals

Writing Stats

151

Total words

1

Paragraphs

analytical and evaluative

Tone