RG

Ritu GoyalAIR 223· 2025

Question Q.3GS2GS2

The 7th Schedule is vital for demarcation of legislative powers, yet it disproportionately empowers the Union, diluting the federal spirit. Comment.

Open scan (p.5)

Main Body

7th schedule classifies the legislative powers into union list, concurrent list and state list. Disproportionately empowers centre:More subjects in union list compared to state list.Residuary powers with centre.Union list prevails over state & concurrent list (doctrine of pith & substance)Union laws prevail over state laws in concurrent list. Union can legislate on state subjects articles if: • Rajya Sabha passes resolution • Under emergency • For implementation of external treatiesUnion control over state laws through reservation of some bills for president's assent • Some bills can only be introduced with prior recommendation of president
Any change in federal features through amendments require approval of minimum 50 / states. Certain federation is more of executive federalism. K.C Wheare calls India as quasi federal.
133 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Yet states power and federalism are intact as states have independent constitutional existence and derive their powers from constitution [answer continues from previous note]

24 words

Topper

Ritu Goyal

AIR 2232025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Federal Structure - Functions, Responsibilities, Devolution of Powers and Finances

Union and State Functions

Union and State Functions

Writing Stats

157

Total words

1

Paragraphs

formal and analytical

Tone