An archaic and obsolete edifice of civil services does not augur well for a welfare state. Examine the various issues surrounding the civil services in the country. What suggestions would you make for their reform?

Civil services - part of government which implement them and bring continuity in governance (Sardar Patel - titled promise). Civil services involves quality to satisfy customers, effective welfare state equating with regulation, accountability & policies. They are responsible for implementation policies of transparency.

=> Reforms needed to address above issues (1) Lateral entry with effective checks one balances can be explored to address gaps in bureaucracy velocity. (2) Capacity building and sensitization of civil services on the line of multiculturalism & pluralism. (3) Effective mid-career training and reigning code of conduct for civil services according to the present demand of time and.