Lateral entry into civil services is seen as a reformative step, yet it continues to attract criticism and controversy. Discuss.

Lateral entry move as recruitment of individuals from private sector at joint-lecturing level having domain knowledge and expertise. Lateral entry as reformative step due to following reasons: (1) It will invite expertise and knowledge persons thus increasing speciality of service delivery. Civil private infrastructure arm under domain of NFAI. (2) Efficient jurisdiction of bureaucracy will ensuring resourcefulness and capacity building. (3) Will make bureaucracy adaptable

flexible and customer-oriented. (4) Also recommended by Hota Committee, to increase effectiveness and good governance. However, lateral entry has faced following critics: (1) Favoritism, nepotism and biased recruitment, thus compromising the purpose. (2) Lateral entry might demotivate to students to work hard for competitive exams. (3) Low lead to discrimination practice for political and socio-economic gains.