Discuss the various administrative challenges faced by local self-governments (LSGs). What measures do you suggest for devolving administrative powers to LSGs, enabling them to function as democratic institutions of grassroots governance?

Constitutional status provide to local self government through 73rd and 74th constitution amendment. Aim to democratic decentralize the power. Various administrative challenges faced by local self government: 1. Lack of Fund: 1.1 Highly dependent on financial devolution. 1.2 Down tax base, tax power limited. 2. Lack Functionaries: 2.1 - Skilled staff lacking. 2.2 - old skills of existing gram panchayat secretaries. 3. Lack Functions: 3.1 - Subject provided in Sch. II, Sch. II are not properly devolved.

prominent in local government due to lack of standard audit mechanism. 5. Implementation Agency: • Bottom up planning still a distant goal. • target based work lack say of local requirements. * Measures for devolving administrative power to local self government: 1. Capacity building: • proper training of LSG staff, ensure vacant seat fill as early as possible. • Even elected representation should undergo brief trainings. 2. State Finance Commission: • regularly formed, suggestions and recommendation better implement. • Independent working. even made permanent state finance commission a dedicated body.

3. Community Associational Living - • freedom to make local plans. • execution of plan in time loop manner. • Only broad outline provide by government. 4. Central Finance Commission: • Encourage to devolve more fund for function like disaster managment, health, education. 5. Incentivise state government - • to devolve administrative, taxing power to local government. • Increase tax base and avenues like property card for property tax. Thus, strengthen and strong local self government not only decrease pressure on government. but also built strong foundation. Kerala Model can be upbear to other areas.