Article 21 of the Constitution has been interpreted expansively to encompass various facets of personal freedom and dignity. Elucidate with the help of relevant case laws.
Main Body
Article 21 of Indian Constitution provided right to life and personal liberty, Limited to procedure established by law In Menkajenardhi Case of 1978 SC interpreted it as mere process of established by law, which expanded it's ambit beyond it. Ecompass various various facet of personal liberty & Dignity ⇒ It encompasses some basic human, unjust a Right to health (Banerjimukti Case) Right to Education ⇒ To reach lowlife for Social-Justice b Right to be legal aid Speedy Dewal (Husainains Judgment) case
⇒ limited the State control over individual liberty (Menka General case) c Right to movement outside India (Menka General case) ⇒ New Delhi - Economic challenges has been comes into it d Right to decent environment (M.C.Meneta case, Romit Sinhason) ⇒ Transparency & accountability & Governance e Right to information ⇒ Dissent Privacy as per right to privacy dinferences of purusam case ⇒ Developmental needs and aspiration of citizens f Right to bore Road in HillX area Some other Article 21 Articles ⇒ Right to pension ⇒ Right to Sleep ⇒ Right to Solidarity Government As Indian Constitution is regarded as Permissive Constitution by legal experts, it help Materializing personal freedom & Dignity.
Pankaj Soni
Indian Constitution - Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions and Basic Structure
Right to Privacy and Article 21
Interpretation and expansion of Article 21
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