Assess the relevance of lateral entry in civil services in making the governance structure more effective, efficient, and people-oriented.

Lateral entry in civil services used emphasized. By NITI Aayog Report in high level post part of civil service reform used rolled out in 2016. Relevance of lateral entry:- Effective + Efficient + People-oriented Effective:- (1) TO bring Professionalism in technical Services [In highly globalized and technical world civil servant cannot afford to be generalist] (2) For informed policy making and Implementation of public policies (3) TO Bring in Corporate work culture - That is competitive vs complacent nature of Hierarchical Bureaucracy - [Rank based promotion - Poor merit in civil services] Efficient:- (4) Specialist in high post leads to cost effectiveness [Better planning, execution] (5) By adoption of new innovation and technologies Improves (labour and work efficiency at departmental level [Corporate workculture] (6) To Bring in world Best Practices. (4)Technical nature of Extra Protection Bill needs Specialist

Recent notification by government invited people from private institutions of global prestige. TO Reform institution with new ideas. People-oriented:- (8) Responsive to need of people (9) Accountability and Improve Quality of service delivery [good governance] Undermines Role of UPSC - Accountability doesn't Secure merit system in appointment Favouritism Political Interference and partiality (↓ Independence & Civil Services) Way Forward - lateral entry can be permitted to few top level post - But should be done by Proper assessment by UPSC in transparent manner. II) Hota committee Recommendation: Is proper mid carrier Review to Improve efficiency and merit-based promotion rather Rank-based Separating civil services to (2)demands mid career learning courses [To improvise expertise]