Article 169 of the constitution provides for formation of legislative council(ii) of the state

5 states that have LC/Vidhan Parishad: Karnataka, Bihar, UP, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana Leg council as delayed chamber rather than deliberative chamber Although they were established to serve as secondary chamber within bicameral legislature: Review Revise Provide additional scrutiny to legislation proposals But they were about as delayed chamber

Lack of central legislative expertise Lack of effective discussions and clauses of bills Often 'backdoor' entry to politicians into can't find seat in Vidhan Sabha Unstised for wastage (public session) and state Political patronage and clerk direct austerity to people Lack legislative power However, some benefits: (1) unrest balances (2) representative of state groups Need to unused hierarchical keep into affect to function effectively