15th Finance Commission (15th FC) is a quasi-judicial body set by the president every 5 years or whenever is deemed necessary.

14th FC and 14th FC - comprises

15th FC and 14th FC - comprises statistics Positive => devolution of total tax to smaller states, strengthen cooperative federalism and quality of public expenditure. Negative criterion for Horizontal devolution -: Income distance - 45% (Area - 15%, Population - 15%, Demography - 12.5%, Forest & Ecology - 10%. Tax efforts - 2.5%) Used census 1991 42I states + 1 UTs version clearly to JAK Indolah 14th FC Chair -> 40 Reddy Time -> 2015-2020 Objective => devolution of total tax to other forces & states, strengthen cooperative federalism and quality of public expenditure. Criteria for Horizontal devolution -: Income distance - 50% Area - 15% Population - 29.5% Forest - 12.5% Tax efforts - 8.5% Used census 1991 u 27. to states

15th FC No such recommendation It committed -> Basic grants - a0% Performance based - 10% Excess Also, the 15th FC focused on technology & data driven assessment and factoring functioning of local bodies whereas the 14th FC focused more on the continuity of policy and other items. Both there FC gave recommendations best suited to their times and both have faced their share of criticism/challenges from the state govt and home worked on them to stimulate localized generalism amongst cff states and other institutions. Hence best utilised federalism.