Independent judiciary as envisaged by the constitution, provides the bedrock for a thriving polity; however executive encroachment may erode its credibility and affect its efficacy. Evaluate.

As per the constitution, independent judiciary is one of the most important purpose of the constitution matters. Constitution through various provisions has given extraordinary powers to the judiciary to make it one of most powerful instrument of justice in the world. Provisions in constitution for independent judiciary: (1) Judicial review: extraordinary power of judicial review through article 13 that enables judiciary to declare any act of law order at the government as unlawful (2) Power of interpretation of constitution given to judiciary to protect the vision of

Constitution refers (3) Federal court of law to adjudicate in the disputes emulign court and state governed (3) Protector of fundamental rights is writ petition through article 32 gives pure to judicary to ensure the enforcement of fundamental rights (8) Selection process for judges to be done in consultation of judiciary only (10) Plan with these provision constitution has ensured that judiciary will be able to hold executive accountable for its action and protect the sanctity of the constitution and the rights of the people from executive overreach. Issues of executive encroachment R On presense of its role as protector of rights and interpreter of constitution, judiciary has acted solely to inspect guverment

my Jones. This has resulted in the change of executive overreach by judiciary. R Deep Dhanu Mehta criticises judiciary for being a self perpetuating, paternalistic and political institution. Effects of overreach: (1) Tool: Overuse infidelity as men cases of appeal venan pending in courts due to divergent of resources and time to political case. (2) Delay in justice to normal citizens (3) Polarisation of judiciary and judges giving rise to ideological deftility and corruption (4) Judiciary neither has expertise nor resources to act as executive, result in inefficient decisions. (5) Distrust: Distrust the role of exertion of power is given in the constitution This leads to decrease in credibility of the judiciary and derose in effecting of its its judicial functions.