भारत में सहकारी समितियों के बारे में प्रदर्शन के कारणों का उल्लेख कीजिए। साथ ही, इनकी कमियों को दूर करने के लिए सरकार द्वारा किए गए प्रस्तावों की विवेचना कीजिए। (Answer in 250 words in Hindi) OR State the reasons behind poor performance of cooperatives in India. Also, discuss the reforms undertaken by the government to overcome the shortcomings. (Answer in 250 words)

Cooperatives as per (International Cooperative Alliance) refers to entities formed by group of individuals coming from common social, political, economic background to fulfill a common purpose.

Reasons of POOR PERFORMANCE —

1. Lack of (scale) — most cooperatives are concentrated in certain reforms.

2. Lack of proper (audit), (accountability) and (managerial) effective with the cooperatives.

3. (Connected lead) — due to lack of (merging, affiliation) in cooperatives.

(B) — (PMC) cooperative bank.

6. Limited (awareness) :- among citizens about awareness of cooperatives.

7. (Marketability) — is limited.

(C) — Shift AMUL, (Gujarati), others lack marketability,

1. Lack of proper (elections) — elections are not conducted regularly, as per (Slate culture) — no democratization of cooperatives with divestance of elites.

2. (Connected led) — due to lack of (ministering, affiliation) in cooperatives.

(B) — (PMC) cooperative bank.

6. Limited (awareness) :- among citizens about awareness of cooperatives.

7. (Marketability) — is limited.

(C) — Shift AMUL, (Gujarati), others lack marketability,

Steps taken by Government —

(A) Constitutional Provisions —

1. Article 19(3) (C) :- Freedom to form cooperatives.

2. Article 43B — enhances (voluntary) (autonomous) functioning and (democratic) (control) of cooperatives.

3. (Part IX C) :- the cooperative formation — multi state and single state.

(B) Legislative Provisions —

1. (Multi-State Cooperative Act (2002)}- to ensure include in (scale), (presence) of multi-state cooperatives.

2. (NARAAD) — was established to set as regulator of cooperatives.

3. Elect power to (empower), (leading), (borrowing) and (debit) board of cooperative to (FPD).

4. (Ministry of Cooperatives) — has been formed by the Government to usurp administration policy framework for multi — state cooperatives. These will usher in (world) three cross of (Muhammad (Vydi)) no poultry, no unemployment, no emission.

out of pocket infra-structure on healthcare is (15.8/?) as per National Health Estimate.

Private - public partnership to bridge this gap —