Despite economic growth, multidimensional poverty continues to persist in India. Analyse the underlying causes and discuss the measures taken by the government to address them. (Answer in 250 words)

Recent estimates of multidimensional poverty indicates that over 24.8 crore individuals have been lifted out of multidimensional poverty in last decade (MDP).

However, a large portion of India's 140 crore population is still facing MDP.

[Includes bar chart showing:

Level of MDP in India

2013-14: 29.1%

2023-24: 11.7%]

Economic growth v MDP:

1. Over 6.5% growth rate

2. reduced inflation (2.1%)

MDP:

1. Over extraction of resources

2. dependence on scarce opportunities

Causes of MDP in India:

1. Approx ~18% of global population with mere 2%.of global land and 4% of freshwater

2. Health Indicators:

↪ Malnourishment and hidden hunger among children

↪ Infant mortality rate due to neglect of maternal health

↪ low public expenditure (1.9% of GDP)

3. Education:

↪ Low availability of quality education in rural areas

↪ High cases of dropout.

4. Quality of life:

↪ Poor housing (17% in slum)

↪ Electricity shortage

↪ water crisis.

[Measures taken by government]

1. PM-Jan Arogya Yojana for affordable health care

2. PM-SHRI and Eklavya model residential school.

4. Jal Jeevan Mission for household tap connection.

5. PM-Saubhagya for efficient electricity supply

6. PM-Awas Yojana for affordable housing.

Thus, to achieve equality and realise the aim of an ideal vatsit Bharat@2047, India must reach the last mile.

[Continuation of measures taken by government]

1. PM-Jan Arogya Yojana for affordable health care

2. PM-SHRI and Eklavya model residential school

4. Jal Jeevan Mission for household tap connection

5. PM-Saubhagya for efficient electricity supply

6. PM-Awas Yojana for affordable housing