What do you understand by interoperability in e-governance? What steps have been taken by the government to ensure interoperability and integration of various e-governance systems? (Answer in 250 words)

Interoperability in e-Governance: (1) All e-governance services interoperable & work in tandem. (Eg. DBT & Aadhar). (2) Seamless Portability: in any govt service at any part of India. (Eg. GST Nation, GST Ration card). (3) Synergistic Action: to produce efficient outcomes. (Eg. Faceless Assessment of ITportal). (4) Citizen Empowerment: due to efficient & combined service in e-technology.

Steps to Ensure Interoperability & Integration: (Eg. UMANG app to access all govt berries). (1) Thrust on e-Governance: as integral part of all modern govt services. (Eg. Digital India Mission). (2) Shift to Online Services: to reduce hassle & stress of citizens. (Eg. Bhooram portal & Karnataka). (3) Promote e-Economy: with integration in all service. (Eg. E-Marketplace for e-sign document). (4) Interoperable Systems: led by central state to reduce time-wastage of citizen. (Eg. Kerala tax portal integrated with CBDT). (5) Promote Seamless Transactions: as means to build on operational level. (Eg. e-Daaklhil for court document).