AA

Aditya AgarwalAIR 1745407330587· 2024

GS3GS2

What the causes of high levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and ozone pollution in India. How effective are the various steps taken by the government to mitigate particulate matter and ozone pollution?

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Main Body

According to WHO over 7 million people are prematurely dying every year ~ 2 million Indian due to Air pollution.

PM 2.5 and PM 10 are the small particles that can infiltrate respiratory organs.

Ozone pollution—due to ground level ozone is responsible for issues such as asthma, low agricultural productivity.

Causes of Air pollution:

Dust particles on roads due to movement of vehicles PM 2.5 and 10
Exhaust gases—NOx and SO2 leading to O3 production due to photochemical reaction
Stubble burning during winters causing particular matter pollution
Burning of wood, coal—for household cooking or heating → indoor PM 2.5, 10.
Industrial burning of bio mass
Burning of waste—plastic and biodegradation releasing PM and other gases.
Dust and sandstorms due in the summer season

Steps taken by the government:

i) National Action Plan on Climate Change

a) National Solar Mission, National Wind Missionproduction of electricity from renewable sources—Trees.

b) Green India Mission—Trees reduce the dust by acting as barriers

c) National Energy Efficiency Mission.

ii) National Clean Air program (NCAP)

Reduce PM 2.5 and PM 10 by 40% by 2025 from 2017 levels.

iii) Air quality monitoring system

iv) SAFER weather forecast

v) Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)

vi) Odd-even formula.

209 words11 paragraphs7 bullet points

Diagram

Diagram showing Causes of Air pollution branching into: Dust particles on roads, Exhaust gases, Stubble burning, Burning of wood/coal

Examiner score
1/10

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Page 45

Topper

Aditya Agarwal

AIR 17454073305872024

Subject & Paper

GS3GS2

Topic

Air Pollution

Particulate Matter and Ozone Pollution

Causes and government mitigation steps

Writing Stats

209

Total words

11

Paragraphs

7

Bullets

analytical

Tone