GS2GS2

What are the key determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in the country? Also, elaborate on the role of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions in addressing this issue.

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Answer

Main Body

Recent NFHS-5 survey provided a comprehensive survey of Nutrition in India.

Global Hunger Index (GHI) ranked India in 111th in 2023/24 report.

Key determinants of malnutrition among U-5 children:

Role of nutrition - sensitive and nutrition specific interventions:

1Addressed the changing demands of nutrition among children as per age-specific needs.

2Can target immune or mineral deficiency (Top ICDS and Mid-Day Meal Scheme (Top unit-specific).

3Addresses spice demands of malnutrition (Top Western Maharashtra lacks fluoride in water - malnutrition).

4Increased access through ICDS and Mid-Day meal scheme (Top unit-specific).

5Early intervention promise chronic and acute malnutrition.

die cases (Top Calcium deficiencyosteo- porosis in later life)

7Preventive care and hence relative lowered burden on govt.

8Address region-specific demand of malnutrition (Top Western Maharashtra lacks fluoride in water → malnutrition).

SDG-1 & zero hunger must ensure that it also addresses the issues of malnutrition through POSHAN 2.0, NFRA (2019), ICDS, etc.

Data is the 'new oil' and it is the new engine that will drive global development for coming decades.

Need for transparent and accountable data governance frameworks:

1To preserve any biases in databases and hence in AI algorithms (Top: Racist drawing by Chat GPT).

2Ensure equitable benefit distribution.

3Payment indication of Right to Privacy of an individual (Art-21).

4Citizen-centricity in usage of AI in governance (Top: pavement use for surveillance).

5Ensuring regional and cultural sensitivities are reflected in AI models (Top: Chat GPT cannot differentiate before some Indian dialects).

governance (Top: pavement use for surveillance).

5Ensuring regional and cultural sensitivities are reflected in AI models (Top: Chat GPT cannot differentiate before some Indian dialects).

Steps taken by govt in time regard:

1Digital Privacy and Data Protection Act (DPDP) → aims to fulfil Puttuswamy judgment through localization of data.

2Prior Informed Consent (PIC) in IT Rules to ensure data usage is consent based.

3India-AI Mission to promote Indian databases through digitization.

4Right to Privacy (under Art-21) provides worth individual backing to the laws.

5Tokenization to ensure financial privacy is maintained.

6RTI framework ensures accountability in data-governance.

IIIrd report of 2nd ARC calls for implementation of e-governance, we must ensure the e-gov is transparent & accountable as stated by UN principles of good governance.

381 words25 paragraphs

Conclusion

SDG-1 & zero hunger must ensure that it also addresses the issues of malnutrition through POSHAN 2.0, NFRA (2019), ICDS, etc. IIIrd report of 2nd ARC calls for implementation of e-governance, we must ensure the e-gov is transparent & accountable as stated by UN principles of good governance.

48 words

Diagram

Cloud diagram showing key determinants: 1. Child wasting (low weight for height), 2. Child stunting (low height for age), 3. Underweight, 4. Prevalence of nutrition diseases (by PEM, Kwashiorkar etc.)

Examiner score

0.8/10

Open original scan

Page 41

Topper

Hrishikesh Alase

AIR 612025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Issues relating to Poverty and Hunger

Malnutrition

Determinants of Child Malnutrition

Writing Stats

429

Total words

Paragraphs

descriptive explanatory

Tone