Question Q.12GS1GS2

Trace the events that led to the Civil Disobedience Movement. What were its outcomes?

Main Body

Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) was second mass movement under Gandhian leadership, starting in 1930. It was based on peaceful violation of unjust laws using Gandhian method of Satyagraha.

Events that led to Civil Disobedience Movement:

1Great Depression of 1929 - affected widespread section of Indian society including peasants, merchants, industrialists, creating resentment.

2Lahore Session 1929 - called for purna swaraj within one year and if not attained, Congress was to start Civil disobedience movement

3Future of Nehru Report - with its focus

on dominion status for India could not get allure and was expelled by British

4Gandhi II demand - regarding issues of peasants, merchants including unjust exchange acts and unjust salt laws, that need to be addressed by British.

5Salt March / Dandi March - in protest to unjust Salt law that affected almost every Indian citizen, Gandhi led on Salt march to Dandi to break the law

Outcomes of Civil Disobedience Movement

Immediate Outcome:

1Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1932) - for release of political prisoners and Congress engagement in Round Table conference

2Round Table Conference - for discussing future constitutional arrangements for India based on Simon Commission Report

Long term Outcome:

3Right to make salt for domestic consumption

1Structure of Congress - as All-India mass party increased with equal footing with British affected in Gandhi-Irwin pact

2Widening of social base - a national movement

3Puanoj Swaraj - demand as negotiation point became firmly established

Thus, CDM effected widening of Indian freedom struggle, furthered in allying forces of PYQ

259 words14 paragraphs

Conclusion

Thus, with break of salt law, started the Civil disobedience movement, spreading to other parts of country with actions like boycott of British goods, Swadeshi promotion, Anti-tax movement, Anti-chemical tax movement etc. In deed, CDM effected widening of Indian freedom struggle, furthered in allying forces of IPA independence movement

49 words

Examiner score

1.5/10

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Page 26

Topper

HASSAN KHAN

AIR 952025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS2

Topic

Indian Constitution - Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions and Basic Structure

Historical Underpinnings

Civil Disobedience Movement

Writing Stats

308

Total words

Paragraphs

formal

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