Strong market as well as Strong state is the necessity for both participatory and responsive government.

The debate of strong market & strong state is longstanding. The public choice theory & NPM calls for strong market & slim state, but school of thoughts such as Blacksburg manifesto support role of state.

Strong market brings:

This was supported by Washington consensus in USA.

Strong state brings:

Overall, both efficiency & accountability is required for effective administration & governance.

Contemporary development on this regard is 'Cornwell consensus' where free market & supplemented with higher regulation by state in public interest.

This will avoid crisis like 'East Asian Tiger' economy crisis & non bond market 'in shackles of bureaucracy'.