"Accountability under New Public Management has undergone a radical change although the focus has continued to remain on management."

NPM emerged in backdrop of philosophy of New Right gaining popularity & energy of private sector in advancing global goals.

NPM believes in contracting out, roll back of state, managerialsm, etc in public Administration will bring efficiency.

But, NPM is criticised for the overemphasis of efficiency & ignorance by accountability. The concept of accountability has gone radical change-

(ie) Focus not on justice & good for citizen but on operational efficiency only.

This point was raised by New public Service, which bring back focus on democratic accountability in P.A.

Although the fecus of NPM is on 'management' as seen as its continuance from earlier appoaches. The study of PubAdmin, from start founsed on management starting from principles eng to eng of behavior rulism, etc focus of study will has to bring more efficient management by focus on structure, motivation, inducement, communication etc.

P.W.Riggs is considered as father of CPA. It means that he emphasised the need of study of administration from types (cultural), national & temporal view.

But, in earlier days of his research in PhD in USA. He considered that USA administrative model is ideal & it can be imposed on any country in world to bring effectivn develop ment & growth.

It was only after his study as chairman of 'Comparative Administration group in 1960s, he realised that administrative model need to be ecological.