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PRACHETAIR 193· 2025

Question Q.11GS2GS2

In a democracy, constitutional provisions must always compass in balancing Parliament's legislative authority and constitutional supremacy. Comment.

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Main Body

The Basic Structure Doctrine (BSD) was established by Supreme Court in Keshavananda Bharti case to limit parliament imposition and preserve constitutional supremacy.

Justice underlying Rule of Law Fundamental Rights => Basic Features => Secularism Constitutional Supremacy => Federalism Separation of Powers.

BSD as a constitutional compass.

Even (Aminadhan Singh Case)

1(I) Ensures Separation of Powers (Ashok Holden Law) to schedule: Parliament responsibility.

(II) (i) Reserves Rule of Law, against executive dominance.

(Er) (Indore Sanctuary Case) Upheld notion.

2Reserves parliamentary powers - limiting ordinance - RE Cowper Case).
3BSD also ensures constitutional supremacy on the other hand, against parliamentary interference also:

(A) Against foundational values and substance of constitution => IR cool no intra schedule law also justiciable.

(B) Ensuring judicial independence - NTAC (BVE 2014) from parliamentary infringement also.

(D) Recent mandamus to president on federalism objected as breaching constitution.

Hence Basic Structure is a highly essential principle and a unique principle, but its use now be limited to constitutional amendment - as indicated by 97 Chandamni case.

171 words3 paragraphs

Conclusion

Hence Basic Structure is a highly essential principle and a unique principle, but its use now be limited to constitutional amendment - as indicated by 97 Chandamni case.

28 words

Diagram

A circular/cloud diagram showing 'Basic Features' in center, with branches to: Judicial independence, Rule of Law, Fundamental Rights => Basic Features => Secularism, Constitutional Supremacy, Federalism, Separation of Powers

Examiner score
0.75/10

Open original scan

Page 23

Topper

PRACHET

AIR 1932025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Indian Constitution - Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions and Basic Structure

Basic Structure

Basic Structure Doctrine and Constitutional Supremacy

Writing Stats

199

Total words

3

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone