Question Q.16GS1GS2

Bring out the major features of the Indian monsoon and elaborate upon its causative factors.

Main Body

Monsoon is derived from the Arabic word 'Mousim' which means 'season'. India is blessed with arrival of monsoons in forms of 'seasonal reversals'.

Features of Indian Monsoon:

1Seasonal reversal of winds

Summer - south west monsoons

Winter - North east monsoons

With diagrams showing arrival and withdrawal patterns with India map marked with southwest monsoons (summer) and northeast monsoons (winter)

Determines Indian seasons:

Summer monsoon, monsoon retreating season, winters

In alternate spells - 'breaks' - due to shifts in ITCZ

Depression in coastal regions (in Bay of Bengal):

Creates cyclones (amphibian/bolides)

October Heat - after monsoons - soil moisture high temperature rises, high humidity - release of moisture (oppressive situation)

Causative Factors:

1The withdrawal of Sub Tropical Westerlies (STWJ) - STWJ sets stage for stationing of ITCZ - low pressure zone - calls for condition of ascent

2This withdrawal gets stage for stationing of ITCZ

3The south westerly winds attracted towards India - moisture bearing winds from Australia

This withdrawal sets stage for stationing of ITCZ

low pressure zone - calls for condition of ascent (simmer)

2The south westerly winds attracted toward India - moisture bearing winds from Australia

3The south westerly winds attracted toward India - moisture bearing winds from Australia

4Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)

Positive: brings dry conditions, affects winds

Negative: attracts moist winds

The ocean atmospheric coupling is lately affected by climate change, triggering El'Nino making monsoon weak

245 words13 paragraphs7 bullet points

Conclusion

The ocean atmospheric coupling is lately affected by climate change, triggering El'Nino making monsoon weak

15 words

Diagram

Diagram of Indian Ocean Dipole showing positive and negative phases with pressure systems and wind patterns; boxes showing positive (brings dry conditions, affects winds) and negative (attracts moist winds) IOD effects

Examiner score

1.2/10

Open original scan

Page 38

Topper

DIVYA

AIR 1822025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS2

Topic

Indian Geography - Climate

Monsoon System

Features of Indian Monsoon

Writing Stats

260

Total words

Paragraphs

Bullets