Role of mangroves in coastal ecology

4. Tides - moderate tidal ranges help regular inundation & aeration of soil. 5. Freshwater inflow - inhibits extensive salinity, maintains good brackish levels. 6. Continental slopes - gentle, allow intertidal spread. Role of mangroves in coastal ecology: 1. Biodiversity hotspot - habitat to species like Royal Bengal Tiger, migratory birds. 2. Carbon sink - stores carbon in both biomass & sediment, aiding climate regulation. 3. Water filtration - improves coastal water quality by trapping heavy metals & nutrients. 4. Natural barriers against storm surges, cyclones, tsunamis. 5. Reduces instances of coastal erosion & property damage. 6. Maintain genetic diversity of species (estuarine ecosystem). 7. Livelihood support to fisheries, honey collection and eco-tourism. With increasing instances of extreme weather events in the Indian Oceans, particularly tropical cyclones it becomes imperative that mangrove ecosystem be protected. Initiatives such as Mangroves for Future & MISHP are good steps in this direction.