To what extent, in your opinion, has the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act been successful in laying a foundation for participatory and inclusive governance at the grass-root level?

4. Consensus based decision-making - Gram Sabha comprise of all adult members of a village

B. Inclusive governance

1. Work on socio-economic indicators like health, nutrition, women's e.g. Radha Devi's effort in improving health indicators

2. Achievement of goals under SDGs like poverty, equality, health

3. Breath of fresh air to rural economy, agriculture and services e.g. Indira Devi's revival of traditional folk art

However, despite the best intentions of this amendment, bottlenecks in Panchayati Raj still remain:

1. Encroached Pati culture

2. Limited participation of members in Gram Sabha meetings

3. Mindore of patriarchy e.g. Mindu Harikishan Patel harassed by fragment no-confidence motions;

4. Lack of adequate infrastructure like toilets etc.

5. Financial autonomy: dependent on state devolution for 95% of revenue

6. Limited devolution of powers and lack of coordination between line/sectoral agencies.

Way forward

1. Auctions must be decided including women (Principal committee),

2. Political training e.g. NVM's She is, "a changemaker Programme"

3. Separate cadre of officials (Karnatak) - best practices like Kerala's devolution of 40% revenue to local bodies must be implemented at national level.

3. Lack of digital literacy - only 33% women are digitally literate

4. Mindore of patriarchy e.g. Mindu Harikishan Patel harassed by fragment no-confidence motions;

5. Lack of adequate infrastructure like toilets etc.

6. Financial autonomy: dependent on state devolution for 95% of revenue

7. Limited devolution of powers and lack of coordination between line/sectoral agencies.

Way forward

1. Auctions must be decided including women (Principal committee),

2. Political training e.g. NVM's She is, "a changemaker Programme"

3. Separate cadre of officials (Karnatak) - best practices like Kerala's devolution of 40% revenue to local bodies must be implemented at national level.