BJ

BHAVESH JAGLANAIR 128· 2025

Question Q.19GS2GS2

As the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) provides a judicial mechanism for the peaceful resolution of international disputes. In this context, throw light on the structure and mandate of ICJ. Also, highlight the challenges it faces in fulfilling its mandate. (15 marks, 250 words)

Open scan (p.47)

Introduction

The International Court of Justice is one of the 6 principal organs of the United Nations.

16 words

Main Body

The International Court of Justice is one of the 6 principal organs of the United Nations.

Structure of ICJ:

Consists of 15 judges
Elected for a period of 9 years
India's Dalveer Bhandari (Cp)
Elected by UNSC by majority vote

Mandate of ICJ:

1Peaceful resolution of disputes between nation states who are members of the UN
2Can pass judgements based on international law like USHR 1948
3Ensure protection of rights guaranteed under international accords such as Geneva Convention (Cp) Hrishikesh Tadbar got complex cases
4Law pass orders that UNSC can enforce

However, there are challenges:

1Can not try individuals who fall under International Criminal Court
2Does not have own enforcement mechanism = Depends on UNSC which is dysfunctional due to VETO
3Dispute over compulsory jurisdiction vs voluntary
4Dispute with state sovereignty as all nations don't accept its rulings
5Judges being the line of their countries
6Non-representation of various other offices so no permanent member in UNSC to push its cases

Seeing the ongoing geo-political conflicts ICJ must be strengthened.

183 words4 paragraphs4 bullet points

Conclusion

Seeing the ongoing geo-political conflicts ICJ must be strengthened.

9 words

Answer continues on next page
  • Clear structural information
  • Mentions specific details like India's representation
  • Outlines key mandate points
  • Identifies multiple concrete challenges
  • Links to UNSC dysfunction
  • Addresses sovereignty concerns

Topper

BHAVESH JAGLAN

AIR 1282025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

International Institutions, Agencies and Fora - Structure and Mandate

International Court of Justice

Structure, Mandate and Functioning of ICJ

Writing Stats

208

Total words

4

Paragraphs

4

Bullets

critical analytical

Tone