BV

BANNA VENKATESHAIR 15· 2024

Question Q.4GS2GS2

How will you explain that Indian federalism is a happy mix of Unitarianism and confederalism?

Open scan (p.7)

Introduction

Indian federalism, is a mix unifying and confederalism designed to achieve the unique needs of the country at its formation

20 words

Main Body

Indian federalism, is a mix unifying and confederalism designed to achieve the unique needs of the country at its formation

Indian federalism - happy mix of uniterism & confederalism:

1Emerging provisions: L state from federal to unitary without any amendments to constitution
2Residual power (UPS) (Center): L to promote uniformity across country
3Integrated judiciary: Unitary feature for peace and justice
47th schedule: Rights of state as sovereignty. Can supreme in their jurisdiction
5Rajyasabha: L promising interests of state, at center level
6Inter-state water disputes: L to center to make laws:

L promoting balanced interest of all state.

Institutional mechanism like inter-state council under A-263 should be strengthened to promote dialogue & consensus to make Indian federalism work for all.

[Continuation of Q.4]

6Inter-state water disputes: L to center to make laws: L promoting balanced interest of all state.

Inspite of this, there are certain in the federal state:

1Unifying unitary lectures: L one nation one election est... promoting centralization
2Center-state dispute: L 6 rst norm, L financial declarations & grants, L remittision issues
3Encroaching state powers: eg: Farmland by center, through agriculture is state subject -

Institutional mechanism like inter-state council under A-263 should be strengthened to promote dialogue & consensus to make Indian federalism work for all.

218 words2 paragraphs

Conclusion

Institutional mechanism like inter-state council under A-263 should be strengthened to promote dialogue & consensus to make Indian federalism work for all.

22 words

  • Systematic enumeration of both unitary and confederal features
  • Clear articulation of how federalism balances center and state interests
  • Proposes institutional mechanism for strengthening federation
  • Links to Article 263 for practical implementation
  • Identifies specific challenges to federal balance
  • Provides concrete example of center encroachment (agriculture)
  • Proposes institutional mechanism for addressing tensions
  • Balanced perspective on unitary and confederal tensions

Topper

BANNA VENKATESH

AIR 152024

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Federal Structure - Functions, Responsibilities, Devolution of Powers and Finances

Federalism

Unitary and Confederal Features of Indian Federalism

Writing Stats

260

Total words

2

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone