भारत में चुनावी वित्तपोषण विधिविरूद्ध चार्जिशेष और राजनीतिक उपहारों को चोरी तरह के मुद्दों पर प्रकाश डालें। इस संदर्भ में, भारत खुली वैश्विक सर्वोत्तम प्रथाओं से क्या सीख सकता है? (Electoral funding in India is fraught with legal loopholes and political challenges. In this context, discuss the challenges to electoral funding. What lessons can India draw from global best practices in this regard? (Answer in 250 words, 15 marks)

On major sea routes. Basic (1) large population: Indian diaspora line in these island states, which can act as a sense of soft power. (2) in Fiji Bigioni is a official language. Initiatives (1) Security and Growth for all in the region policy to act as net security provider. (2) Forum for independent island states (FIPI) to engage with these countries. (3) Indian Ocean Rim Association + Indian Pacific Ocean Initiative for regional development and security. (4) Indo-pacific regional dialogue by Indian navy to remove jeopardities in Indo-pacific. Also important bilateral relations with islands align with India's Indo-pacific strategy and vision of blue economy.

Recently the SC struck down the electoral bond scheme as being violative of right to information, exposing the issues in electoral funding in India. Challenges (1) Black money finds its way into exchequer of political parties. (2) Rent seeking: corporate entities may fund political campaigns for future quid pro quo leading to elite capture and crony capitalism. (3) Lack of Transparency: regarding the sources of funding for political parties as RTI is not applicable to parties. (4) Absence of legal framework to regulate donors and political parties. (5) Politics Apathy due to vested interests.

leads to lack of reforms to address the above issues. Global best practices (1) Germany uses state funding of election model. Advantages: level playing field for all parties, transparency, limits on expenditure. (2) USA uses democracy vouchers for local elections in Seattle. Advantages: regulatory mechanism, transparency, secrecy for donors. (3) Chile uses the second constitution system. Advantages: among with cage for rent seeking regulations. The ECI can study the various international practices and customise them for Indian context to secure the many issues regarding electoral funding.