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AKANSH DHULLAIR 3· 2025

Question 19GS2GS2

BRICS can serve as a platform for shaping a post-Western global order, but the potential of the grouping is held back by internal contradictions. Examine.

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AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Main Body

Recently a BRICS summit was held in South Africa. BRICS is a grouping of middle powers (Brazil, Russia, India, China Russia) who collectively constitute around 40% of population and 40% of GDP.

Post-Western Global Order:

1Emergence of countries in global South - South-South cooperation, South-South cooperation → 60% population, 40% global GDP.
2Rise of such powers at global high table shaping world affairs [through UNSC].
3Reforms of better Woods institutions like IMF and World Bank → Biased towards western countries.
4Endeavor forging global consensus on issues beyond western principles.

[Continuation] CBPR for climate change, strategic autonomy in Russia-Ukraine.

Role of BRICS in shaping:

1Partnership of emerging economies and nations in South western power - Bridge between Global South West.
2Presentation of alternative institutions and forums (like New Development Bank to counter IMF).
3Resource capacity of states to help other countries bilaterally (like India currency swap agreement with Sri Lanka).
4Relevancy of BRICS countries:
Russia - Ukraine Crisis
India - mediator: "This is not an era of war" - Het PM
China → 1st in GHG emission, India 2nd, Brazil → Amazon forest (20% oxygen)
China → 2nd in capacity, India → 3rd.

Challenges due to Internal Contradictions:

1Sino-centrism of BRICS:
All countries have neglected trade with each other except China.
2Weaponization of BRICS by China:
Use of BRICS to push for its BFLI to counter western power.
China centered expansion of BRICS.
3Difference over shared values:
Democracy - India, Brazil / Diplomacy + challenge - to center call vs China, Russia - "No forbidden partnership".
4BRICS ineffective in forging consensus and lack of yearly participation. Focus limited to NDB.

India should use BRICS to change global narratives and set BRICS as an example for an inclusive, participative and reformative wells wider.

311 words17 paragraphs8 bullet points

Conclusion

India should use BRICS to change global narratives and set BRICS as an example for an inclusive, participative and reformative wells wider.

22 words

Diagram

Box diagram showing South-South cooperation with circles representing ~60% population and ~40% global GDP

This is a continuation from previous page
  • Clear articulation of BRICS composition and economic weight
  • Structured presentation of post-Western order emergence
  • Reference to institutional inequities requiring reform
  • Connection between rising powers and global governance
  • Comprehensive identification of internal contradictions within BRICS
  • Specific examples for each contradiction (Sino-centrism, weaponization, value differences)
  • Reference to India's mediatory role and distinct positioning
  • Strong conclusion linking to India's strategic interests
  • Well-structured enumeration of challenges

Open original scan

Page 47

Topper

AKANSH DHULL

AIR 32025Political Science and International Relations

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings affecting India

BRICS - Structure and Role

BRICS as Platform for Post-Western Global Order and Internal Contradictions

Writing Stats

333

Total words

17

Paragraphs

8

Bullets

analytical and explanatory

Tone