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Akansh DhullAIR 3· 2025

Question Q2GS2GS2

Though defamation law is vital to protect one's reputation and dignity in society, weaponization of the same to curb dissent and free speech is antithetical in a constitutional democracy. Comment.

Open scan (p.3)

Main Body

Defamation (UIS 499 of IPC) is also a reasonable restriction to Act 19(1)(a) (Freedom of speech and expression). Defamation in India is both criminal and civil. Recently, an Opposition leader was convicted under it.

Vital to protect reputation & Dignity

(a) Petitioned to individuals to spread false information against persons

(b) leads to social boycott and ostracism

By. Even accused of crimes are seen with eye of suspicion.

(c) Necessary more so even today's time of infodemic and wide reach.

(d) Right to be forgotten can barely be exercised and any comment is there to stay. (uA) Body with contentment which

(e) Adverse damning effect

Defamation → Hostility of character → Health → Suicide

Thus it creates accountability challenge and thus be nipped in buns

Weaponization is Antithetical

(a) "Dissent is safety value of democracy" - CST

Non person remains should not be taken forwards

(b) Reduces scope of genuine criticism

"I pray disagree with what you say, but protect to death you right to Say it, This creates slippery slope" - Voltaire

(c) Creates self censorship and chilling effect on free speech (Art 19)

(d) Abuse for political gains

While weaponized defamation should be repealed, civil defamation should continue similarly action needs to be taken on personalized derogatory actions (Reg Rays baker room) while constructive criticism be welcomed

Recently, the Parliament passed GNCTD Act, 2023 and created National Capital & Civil Service Authority to handle sources (Entry 41)

Legal-Constitutional Basis

(a) 64th CAA, 2018 MHA 2018 SC 2019 2021 2023 Act on services verdict SC GNCTD Act verified vice

(b) Art 229 AA itself

While legislative assembly can make laws for state list and concurrent list, At 229AA (3b)(3c) allows Centre to overrule some with parliamentary law

(c) Conflict over control of services

While only 3 entries based from GoI of NCT, Parliament can make laws concurrently

Role of GNCTD Act, 2021

(a) NCLSA and IPee decision validated to services (Entry 41)

(b) LG as funeral authority in case of conflict while working in aid and advise of government

(c) GNCTD Act, 2021

Reduce rule making power of assembly
Government would mean LG

(d) Supreme Court judgment (2018) not clarifying when can matter be refused to President

Role of GNCTD Act, 2023

(a) NCLSA and IPee decisions validated to services (Entry 41)

(b) LG as funeral authority in case of conflict while working in aid and advise of government

Challenges created by Act

(a) Breach triple chain of accountability

people → Assembly → Minister → Service

(b) Overruled Constitutional bench judgment by an act.

(c) Roadblocks and conflicts over powers of LG

The LG and NCT government should work selflessly by following ethical ideals of 'justice welfare'

457 words27 paragraphs9 bullet points

Conclusion

While weaponized defamation should be repealed, civil defamation should continue similarly action needs to be taken on personalized derogatory actions while constructive criticism be welcomed The LG and NCT government should work selflessly by following ethical ideals of 'justice welfare'

40 words

  • Addresses both protection and weaponization of defamation law
  • Mentions contemporary issue of infodemic
  • Discusses right to be forgotten
  • Balanced approach to the issue
  • Quotes Voltaire on importance of free speech
  • Discusses self-censorship and chilling effect
  • Balanced conclusion on criminal vs civil defamation
  • Links to Article 19
  • Identifies specific constitutional amendments and acts
  • Discusses multiple perspectives on the conflict
  • References recent statutory changes
  • Addresses institutional mechanisms
  • Identifies breakdown of accountability chain
  • Discusses conflict with constitutional bench judgment
  • Provides practical implications
  • Ethical conclusion

Topper

Akansh Dhull

AIR 32025Political Science and International Relations

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Indian Constitution - Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions and Basic Structure

Fundamental Rights

Fundamental Rights

Writing Stats

497

Total words

27

Paragraphs

9

Bullets

analytical

Tone