Fluctuations in the price of TOP (tomato, onion, potato) crops impact all strata of societies. Highlighting the reasons and implications of such fluctuations, evaluate the effectiveness of Operations Greens in stabilizing the otherwise restive horticulture sector

Tomato prices recently went up as 200 ₹/kg causing havoc for the middle class and poor.

Reasons for Hike:

@ Seasonality of production - While most of the production happens till June, supply demand is all round pal [with diagram showing supply-demand cycle across months]

@ Food Wastage - Niti Aayog says 72k crore of good is wasted every year.

Implications of Price rise:

@ Impact on nutrition security as TOP's are basic vegetable consumption

@ Creates opportunities for hoarding amidst failure of ECA, ASS

Effectiveness of ToP:

Success:

Challenges:

Vegetables access to be democratised for better uptake of nutritious through MSP, NFSA, 2013 and OMSS mechanism

World Bank defines blue economy as sustained use of ocean resources, creating livelihood opportunities without compromising on ecological sustainability. Estimates are that blue economy contributes 2.4% of global GDP.

Challenges in Food Security:

@ Harvesting of nutrient such fisheries and sea food.

@ Creates income for coastal farmers improving their nutritional uptake.

@ Sustainable source of resources

Diversifying Challenges of National Security:

@ Curse the menace of Illegal, unregistered, unregulated fishing (WTE MCIL reduced subsidies for it)

@ Blue economy rescales challenge like illegal immigration (India - Sri-Lanka) Thus sustainable used limited to India's non-traditional security threats

Diversions challenges of Climate Security:

@ Oceans as central pivots of global climate system (@ AOHC)

@ Tell forests have 8356 sequestrata, capacity and oceans are carbon sink Thus blue economy ensures climate @ non regulated zone @ legally of tragedy of commons

[Challenges in Sustainable Use: Lack of awareness of benefits, Limited scope of high sea piracy, Blue economy should be used to create 100 million jobs, 1000 million investment by 2050 (10-100-1000)]

green Hydrogen seeks to hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water powered from renewable sources. Recall Government (MNRE) has initiated 1600 more Natural Green Hydrogen Mission.

Advantages of green Hydrogen:

National Concerns:

@ Kickstart renewables by solving problems of storage and intermittency

Challenges:

@ 98% of hydrogen produced is grey

@ Energy security challenges due to Russia-Ukraine Crisis

India can use green hydrogen for SAFT and be global leader in Green Hydrogen and be an exergy to exporter

(WTE MCI2 reduced subsidies for it)

@ Sustainable use experiences forestry threat.

@ Blue economy rescales challenge like illegal immigration (India - Sri-Lanka) Thus sustainable used limited to India's non-traditional security threats

Diversions challenges of Climate Security:

@ Oceans as central pivots of global climate system (@ AOHC)

@ Tell forests have 8356 sequestrata capacity and oceans are carbon sink Thus blue economy ensures climate @ non regulated zone @ legally of tragedy of commons

Challenges in Sustainable Use:

Lack of awareness of benefits

[Circled text: Challenges in Sustainable Use]

Blue economy should be used to create 100 million jobs, 1000 million investment by 2050 (10-100-1000)

@ central to Net zero and fuel carrier to achieve 1.50C target of Paris Deal, 2015

@ Geopy transportation between countries

@ Technology development has ancillary potential (& space missions?)

@ High energy density, isolated alt

Challenges:

@ 98% of hydrogen produced is grey

@ Energy security challenges due to Russia-Ukraine Crisis

India can use green hydrogen for SAFT and be global leader in Green Hydrogen and be an energy to exporter