Question 19GS2GS2

India used its Presidency of the G20 to bring the voice of the Global South to the centre stage. Discuss with special reference to Africa. (Answer in 250 words)

Main Body

India became the 'voice of the Global South' during its G20 presidency making global governance more inclusive and representative.

Significance of Global South coming to centre stage:

1Representation to majority population of world - Develops global north map (diagram shown with 'Global north' and 'Emerging market' labels and 'Global south' territory mark)

2Bringing up demands of least developed countries at global forum - E.g. small island developing countries

3Enhanced collaboration between Global South and Global North - E.g. India middle east europe economic corridor

4Inclusion of African Union in G20 - This inclusion holds special significance:

(i) Making G20 more inclusive than UN or NATO - cosmopolitan outlook

(ii) Leveraging hinterlands of Africa

(iii) Africa has untouched resource potential - E.g. Rwanda - uranium; Sudan - oil

4Strategic significance of Africa recognised - E.g. Suez Canal

52.3 billion population of Africa or present potential human capital to global north

6It will facilitate stability in Africa - E.g. Reducing formerly & increased investment - However, it follows challenges facing such as:

(i) Terrorism

(ii) Ethnic clashes in Africa

(iii) War, famine, economy

(iv) Vulnerability to climate change

Resolution & arrangement with African states - Bilateral arrangement with African States; Increase FDI by private sector; Empowering steel work in global south in climate change summit.

Resolution & arrangement with African states - Bilateral arrangement with African States; Increase FDI by private sector; Empowering steel work in global south in climate change summit. However, it follows challenges facing such as:

1Terrorism

2Ethnic clashes in Africa

3War, famine, economy

4Vulnerability to climate change

Resolution & arrangement with African states - Bilateral arrangement with African States; Reduce formally & increased investment - However, it follows challenges facing such as:

1Terrorism

2Ethnic clashes - M23 rebels, Congo

3War, famine economy

4Vulnerability to climate change

Resolution & arrangement with African States - Bilateral arrangement with African States; Increase FDI by private sector; Empowering steel work in global south in climate change summit.

India-UAE mutual analysis has grown considerably due to the open trade policy of UAE as seen in signing of bilateral investment treaty.

Remarkable Expansion (across domain):

1Trade has grown multifold with UAE being India's 2nd largest trade partner after US - Increased FDI from UAE - Covers 3 billion $ remittances coming from UAE

2Political consequence / democratic uneasy order multilateralism - Exercise Desert Eagle

3Space diplomacy - ISRO launching satellites for UAE; Collaboration of space mission

4Cultural diplomacy - ISRO launching satellites for UAE; Collaboration of space mission; Ease of translation facilitated; E-P-I now available in UAE

5Cohesion in multilateral order - E.g. 12 U2 alliance

6Ease of translation facilitated; E-P-I now available in UAE

7Cultural diplomacy - E.g. Recent opening of Ram Temple by UAE

However, few challenges still remain as:

1India's engagement with Iran is a concern for UAE

2Allegations that UAE support Pakistan financially

3Instability in middle east - E.g. Rise of Houthi rebels disrupting maritime trade

4Queries about Asian feminism from OPEC countries (CUBC)

Way ahead:

1Expanding dialogue to 272 diplomacy

2Leveraging the power of Indian diaspora (Track 3 diplomacy)

3Increasing Trade and Investment - Along with 'strategic vision - IS Jayashankar'

4Increasing Trade and Investment

3Defence collaboration - E.g. Exercise Desert Eagle

4Space diplomacy - ISRO launching satellites for UAE; Collaboration of space mission

5Cohesion in multilateral order - E.g. 12 U2 alliance

6Ease of translation facilitated; E-P-I now available in UAE

7Cultural diplomacy - E.g. Recent opening of Ram Temple by UAE

However, few challenges still remain as:

1India's engagement with Iran is a concern for UAE

2Allegations that UAE support Pakistan financially

3Instability in middle east - E.g. Rise of Houthi rebels disrupting maritime trade

4Queries about Asian feminism from OPEC countries (CUBS)

Way ahead:

1Expanding dialogue to 272 diplomacy

2Leveraging the power of Indian diaspora (Track 3 diplomacy)

3Increasing Trade and Investment - Along with 'strategic vision - IS Tayashanka'

1India's engagement with Iran is a concern for UAE

2Allegations that UAE support Pakistan financially

3Instability in middle east - E.g. Rise of Houthi rebels disrupting maritime trade

4Queries about Asian feminism from OPEC countries (CUBS)

Way ahead:

1Expanding dialogue to 272 diplomacy

2Leveraging the power of Indian diaspora (Track 3 diplomacy)

3Increasing Trade and Investment - Along with 'strategic vision - IS Jayashankar'

757 words10 paragraphs

Diagram

Diagram showing 'way ahead' with branches to: bilateral arrangement with African States, Increase FDI by private sector, Empowering steel work in global south in climate change summit

Clear articulation of Global South's importance
Specific examples of African resources
Connects to strategic importance
Links to SDG and climate concerns
Comprehensive coverage of multiple domains
Links political, economic, cultural, and strategic aspects
Identifies specific bilateral mechanisms
Identifies multiple strategic challenges
Proposes pragmatic way forward

Open original scan

Page 50

Topper

ARYAN KUMAR SINGH

AIR 1042929

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Effect of Policies of Developed/Developing Countries and Indian Diaspora

India-Africa Digital Partnership

G20 Presidency and Global South

Writing Stats

757

Total words

Paragraphs

formal_analytical

Tone