AS

ARYAN SIRSIKARAIR 175· 2025

Question Q.16GS1GS2

Bring out the major features of the Indian monsoon and elaborate upon its causative factors.

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AnswerStrengthsGapsKeywords

Introduction

The Indian monsoon begins during the first week of June from the southern tip & gradually progresses northeastwards enveloping entire country by 1st week of July.

26 words

Main Body

The Indian monsoon begins during the first week of June from the southern tip & gradually progresses northeastwards enveloping entire country by 1st week of July.

Major Features of Indian Monsoon:

1Gradual onset - From Southern states & tropical to Northern states

(ii) Abrupt Major under-side - in determining quantity of rain

3Arrivals parallel to winds - loss rainfall

(iv) Large Spatial Variability - (a) Cherrapunje gets 1000cm rainfall/year & Talisman

(v) Gradual Vertical - due to downward shift of ITCZ

around BCM.

(v) Gradual vertical - due to downward shift of ITCZ

Causative Factors

1Withdrawal of Sub-tropical Jet Stream => creates high pressure condition south of Himalaya
2Northward movement of ITCZ with apparent movement of sun => convergence of less pressure Zone blew with India attracting south westerly winds
3Location of Tropical Easterly Jet => causes veering & pushing of wind towards Himalaya high. Though the esterly jet
4La Niña Condition => strengthen high pressure at Mascarene high thus driving more winds towards India over the ocean
5Facilitas Somali Jet Stream => pushes moisture laden wind from Horn of Africa towards India

better the monsoon

(iv) La Niña Condition => strengthen high pressure at Mascarene high thus driving more winds towards India over the ocean

(v) Facilitas Somali Jet Stream => pushes moisture laden wind from Horn of Africa towards India

[Diagram showing relationships between:

ITCZ, Tropical Easterly Jet, Somali Jet, Arakan Mountain
Horn of Africa
Mascarene High
La Niña condition]

Indian monsoon is not only geographical & natural, but deeply influenced Indian culture & society.

268 words18 paragraphs4 bullet points

Conclusion

Indian monsoon is not only geographical & natural, but deeply influenced Indian culture & society.

15 words

Diagram

Diagram showing interconnected relationships between various atmospheric systems (ITCZ, Tropical Easterly Jet, Somali Jet) and geographic features (Arakan Mountain, Horn of Africa) and oceanic conditions (Mascarene High, La Niña) affecting the Indian monsoon

  • Clear enumeration of features
  • Specific examples with data
  • Attention to spatial variability
  • Systematic enumeration of causative factors
  • Understanding of jet streams and pressure systems
  • Connection between ocean and atmospheric conditions
  • Reference to global phenomenon like La Niña
  • Inclusion of diagram to illustrate concepts
  • Connection between monsoon and society
  • Holistic understanding of monsoon impacts

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Page 38

Topper

ARYAN SIRSIKAR

AIR 1752025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS2

Topic

Geography

Indian Monsoon System

Features and Causative Factors

Writing Stats

309

Total words

18

Paragraphs

4

Bullets

technical-analytical

Tone